Classification of automobile shock absorbers

Shock absorbers are mainly divided into hydraulic and pneumatic types from the perspective of damping materials, and there is also a variable damping shock absorber.

Hydraulic Shock Absorber

Hydraulic shock absorbers are widely used in automobile suspension systems. The principle is that when the frame and the axle reciprocate relative to each other and the piston 

reciprocates in the cylinder barrel of the shock absorber, the oil in the shock absorber shell will repeatedly flow from the inner cavity through some narrow pores to the other. 

a cavity. At this time, the friction between the liquid and the inner wall and the internal friction of the liquid molecules form a damping force on the vibration.

Inflatable Shock Absorber

The pneumatic shock absorber is a new type of shock absorber developed since the 1960s. Its structural feature is that a floating piston is installed at the lower part of the cylinder, 

and a closed air chamber formed at the end of the floating piston and the cylinder is filled with high-pressure nitrogen. A large-section O-ring is installed on the floating piston, 

which completely separates oil and gas. The working piston is equipped with a compression valve and an expansion valve that change the cross-sectional area of the channel with 

the speed of its movement.

When the wheel is bouncing up and down, the working piston of the shock absorber reciprocates in the oil, so that there is an oil pressure difference between the upper chamber 

and the lower chamber of the working piston, and the pressure oil pushes the compression valve and the expansion valve to flow back and forth. Because the valve produces a large 

damping force on the pressure oil, the vibration is attenuated.

Adjustable Resistance

The suspension of a car equipped with a resistance adjustable shock absorber generally uses an air spring with variable stiffness as the elastic element. The principle is that if the air 

pressure of the air spring increases, the pressure in the air chamber of the shock absorber will also increase, and the throttle aperture of the oil will change due to the change of pressure, 

so as to achieve the purpose of changing the damping stiffness.

The shock absorber is a vulnerable part during the use of the car. The performance of the shock absorber will directly affect the driving stability of the car and the life of other parts. 

Therefore, we should keep the shock absorber in good working condition. The following methods can be used to check whether the shock absorber is working well.

The function of shock absorber

1. Damping the vibration transmitted to the vehicle body due to uneven road surface or poor driving conditions, so as to maintain the ride comfort of the vehicle.

2. Quickly eliminate the vibration of the shaft and wheels caused by the road surface to ensure that the wheels can grip the ground at any time, thereby ensuring the steering and 

braking functions of the vehicle and improving the safety of the vehicle.